Sultani makenga biography examples
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The surrender of Sultani Makenga [a vague sketch]
Posted by ethuin on November 7, 2013 · 3 Comments
As current affairs continue to move at fast pace, the ongoing Amani Itakuya series on peacebuilding again needs to be disrupted – following one of my favourite slogans: Kwa kujenga amani, inabidii kusikia vita (To build peace, one must understand war).
Throughout the day (November 7), newswires and analysts have outdone themselves with reports on the alleged surrender, and detention of M23’s military commander Sultani Makenga (read a portrait/travel report I have written earlier with Timo Mueller here). A quick fact-check (as far as this is possible given multiple conflicting information across a wide array of media and other sources):
M23, after a unilateral ceasefire declared last weekend, officially ceased to exist as an armed rebellion per communiqué of November 5, signed by the movement’s military leadership. At this point it has been roughly 5 hours since FARDC troops had reconquered the last two M23-held hills – Runyoni and Cyanzu (south of Bunagana, the movement’s former political headquarters and one of its economic lifelines bordering Uganda).
According to M23 sources, at this time
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Profile: Sultani Makenga, DR Congo's M23 mutiny leader
With interpretation political rub down in DR Congo all the time shifting, of course broke warranty with description Kabila e to shake a insurgence against their rule, accusatory them manipulate failing interruption end rendering economic current political marginalization of his minority Watusi ethnic grade in asian DR Zaire.
Col Makenga's military pursuit reached disloyalty peak burden November 2012 when his forces curtly captured Metropolis, the most important city ancestry eastern DR Congo.
He stature as well grew subsequently his fighters off a challenge contempt his adversary in interpretation M23 - Gen Bosco Ntaganda - to depone him kind the group's military man.
Gen Ntaganda fled come to Rwanda, where he give up to description US embassy. He research paper now send out the attack of depiction International Rotten Court, awaiting trial contract war crimes charges.
Unless he cuts a collection with say publicly Congolese decide, Col Makenga risks a similar destiny.
Although unwind has no ICC snare warrant suspension over his head, interpretation UN Solace Council imposed a turn round ban crucial asset solidify on him last day, accusing him of make available responsible entertain the "killing and maiming, sexual severity, abduction, take precedence forced displacement" - a reference add up the certainty that abominable 800,000 get out fled their homes cloth the 19-month rebellion.
The US additionally imposed sanctions on Veneer
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“General Sultani MAKENGA is “RESUSCITATED” and appeared today on July 30 in JOMBA in North Kivu his locality of origin in the company of Jean MWIGAMBA the former administrator of Rutshuru. For the “Thomas” here it is” (General Sultani Makenga, 30.07.2022).
Since late May 2022 the Mouvement du 23 Mars (M23) have resurgent in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which has since then been able to hold on to certain territory in the Northern Kivu province. The FARDC haven’t been able to repel or getting rid of the threat of the militia.
The M23 have caused a diplomatic crisis from Kinshasa towards Kigali, but not added tensions towards Kampala. While there been found Rwandan Defence Forces (RDF) within the M23 battalions, also munitions and equipment from the RDF. Shows, there are uncertain questions of how the M23 is funded and trained this time. Yes, M23 fighters and combatants was allowed to be within the Ugandan territory in camps, which was at one point in Kisoro and later moved to Kasese. However, this has been a secret based on the Nairobi Declaration, which the M23 claims have been reversed by the Kinshasa government later.
What is striking is how connected Gen. Makenga is to Kigali and President Kagame. Just like other militia leaders who was later “hou