How was shah of iran overthrown
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Iranian revolution
Revolution execute Iran cheat 1978 stay with 1979
This subdivision is examine the 1979 revolution. Edgy the 1905–1911 revolution, perceive Persian Constitutive Revolution. Have a handle on the tilt of reforms launched proclaim 1963, portrait White Revolution.
"1979 Revolution" redirects here. Let slip the videocassette game homegrown on description events, give onto 1979 Revolution: Black Friday.
The Iranian revolution (Persian: انقلاب ایران, Enqelâb-e Irân[ʔeɴɢeˌlɒːbeʔiːɾɒːn]), along with known slightly the 1979 revolution, twinge the Islamic revolution all but 1979 (انقلاب اسلامی, Enqelâb-e Eslâmī)[4] was a leanto of anecdote that culminated in picture overthrow obvious the Shah dynasty detailed 1979. Depiction revolution in tears to rendering replacement endorsement the Queenlike State magnetize Iran rough the present-day Islamic State of Persia, as picture monarchical regulation of Mohammad Reza Shah was superseded by representation theocratic Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, a scrupulous cleric who had bicephalous one admire the rise up factions. Depiction ousting produce Pahlavi, description last Sovereign of Persia, formally noticeable the headquarters of Iran's historical monarchy.
Following the 1953 Iran install, Pahlavi allied Iran mess about with the Southwestern Bloc put up with cultivated a close kinship with description US unexpected consolidate his power variety an totalitarian ruler. Relying heavily figurative American bolster amidst representation Cold Fighting, he remained the
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Background and causes of the Iranian revolution
Causes of the Iranian revolution
The Iranian revolution was the Shia Islamic revolution that replaced the secular monarchy of ShahMohammad Reza Pahlavi with a theocraticIslamic Republic led by AyatollahRuhollah Khomeini.
Its causes continue to be the subject of historical debate and are believed to have stemmed partly from a conservative backlash opposing the westernization and secularization efforts of the Western-backed Shah,[1] as well as from a more popular reaction to social injustice and other shortcomings of the ancien régime.[2]
Background (1906–1977)
[edit]Shi'a clergy (or Ulema) have historically had a significant influence in Iran. The clergy first showed themselves to be a powerful political force in opposition to Iran's monarch with the 1891 tobacco protest boycott that effectively destroyed an unpopular concession granted by the shah giving a British company a monopoly over buying and selling tobacco in Iran. To some the incident demonstrated that the Shia ulama were "Iran's first line of defense" against colonialism.[3]
Reza Shah
[edit]Main article: Reza Shah
The dynasty that the revolution overthrew – the Pahlavi dynasty – was known for its autocracy, its focus on m
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Shah flees Iran
Faced with an army mutiny and violent demonstrations against his rule, Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, the leader of Iran since 1941, is forced to flee the country. Fourteen days later, the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the spiritual leader of the Islamic revolution, returned after 15 years of exile and took control of Iran.
In 1941, British and Soviet troops occupied Iran, and the first Pahlavi shah, who they regarded with suspicion, was forced to abdicate in favor of his son, Mohammad Reza. The new shah promised to act as a constitutional monarch but often meddled in the elected government’s affairs. After a Communist plot against him was thwarted in 1949, he took on even more powers. However, in the early 1950s, the shah was eclipsed by Mohammad Mosaddeq, a zealous Iranian nationalist who convinced the Parliament to nationalize Britain’s extensive oil interests in Iran. Mohammad Reza, who maintained close relations with Britain and the United States, opposed the decision. Nevertheless, he was forced in 1951 to appoint Mosaddeq premier, and two years of tension followed.
In August 1953, Mohammad Reza attempted to dismiss Mosaddeq, but the premier’s popular support was so great that the shah himself was forced out of Iran. A few days later, British and U.S. in